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- <text id=93TT0272>
- <title>
- Sep. 27, 1993: Hawking Gets Personal
- </title>
- <history>
- TIME--The Weekly Newsmagazine--1993
- Sep. 27, 1993 Attack Of The Video Games
- </history>
- <article>
- <source>Time Magazine</source>
- <hdr>
- SCIENCE, Page 80
- Hawking Gets Personal
- </hdr><body>
- <p>The author of the best-selling A Brief History of Time tries
- a new formula: less cosmology, more about himself
- </p>
- <p>By MICHAEL D. LEMONICK/SEATTLE
- </p>
- <p> For the past hour, the attention of a group of wheelchair-bound
- teenagers in a Seattle auditorium has been completely focused
- on the man seated in front of them. Such self-control would
- be unusual for teens in any case; it's even more impressive
- considering that the speaker is a theoretical astrophysicist.
- Stephen Hawking has a few advantages, though. For one, the 51-year-old
- Cambridge University professor is probably the best-known scientist
- in the world. For another, Hawking is in a wheelchair too, the
- victim of a degenerative nerve disease that has left him as
- paralyzed as his youthful audience.
- </p>
- <p> But what really has the kids' attention is that Hawking did
- a guest spot last season on Star Trek: The Next Generation,
- playing a time-bending game of poker with his intellectual forebears,
- Albert Einstein and Sir Isaac Newton. The cameo appearance won
- him almost as much popular recognition as A Brief History of
- Time, the 1988 best seller that spent 53 weeks on the New York
- Times list, sold an astounding 5.5 million copies worldwide
- and spawned an award-winning movie. Not bad for a volume that
- was, despite its billing as an easy read, nearly impossible
- to get through.
- </p>
- <p> Now Hawking's new book, Black Holes and Baby Universes (Bantam;
- $21.95), is en route to stores and getting nearly as big a buildup
- as the latest John Grisham thriller. Why, when his days are
- already overcrowded with scientific meetings, lecture tours
- and the occasional sit-down with disabled kids, did he take
- the time to write a new book? "I had to pay for my nurses,"
- Hawking says (or, rather, since he can't speak, his computer-driven
- voice synthesizer intones, in a voice something like Lawrence
- Welk's).
- </p>
- <p> The answer is typical Hawking -- droll, irreverent and totally
- honest. He needs nursing care around the clock, and even the
- distinguished Lucasian Professorship of Mathematics at Cambridge,
- a seat once held by Newton, doesn't pay enough to cover it.
- A victim of Lou Gehrig's disease (amyotrophic lateral sclerosis,
- or ALS), Hawking can move only some facial muscles and one finger
- on his left hand, which he uses to pick out words on a computer
- touch-screen attached to his motorized wheelchair. He can search
- through the computer's dictionary by selecting the first letter
- or two of a word or by choosing from a menu of frequently used
- phrases and sentences.
- </p>
- <p> Though Hawking argues that the public bought his first book
- largely because of the ideas it contained, his readers were
- probably just as interested in the man himself. "No one can
- resist the idea of a crippled genius," Hawking says, with an
- edge of displeasure. He is not, as some have claimed, the second
- coming of Einstein, a characterization Hawking denounces as
- "rubbish . . . mere media hype." But his work on black holes,
- especially, would be of Nobel caliber -- except that the prize
- committee insists that theoretical work has to be verified by
- experiment or observation before it is rewarded. None of Hawking's
- theories will likely be proved during his lifetime, a fact that
- Hawking claims doesn't bother him. "It is better to go on and
- make new discoveries than to hope for a prize for work I did
- years ago." His current interest: trying to determine whether
- elementary particles that fall into black holes can form new,
- baby universes, forever cut off from ours.
- </p>
- <p> Unlike A Brief History, the new book (a collection of essays,
- transcribed talks and new writings) contains plenty about Hawking
- himself. There are the requisite discussions of quantum physics
- and cosmology, of course. But those millions who bought yet
- couldn't penetrate A Brief History may be relieved to hear that
- there are also chapters on Hawking's early life, his marriage
- to fellow student Jane Wilde and his experiences as an ALS victim.
- </p>
- <p> Readers will learn, for example, that his father was a doctor
- who did research on tropical diseases, and his mother a secretary.
- The family was considered somewhat eccentric -- they drove around
- in an old London taxi because they couldn't afford a new car.
- Hawking didn't concentrate much on his studies in college, and
- gave up completely for a while when his ALS was diagnosed. But
- his marriage, and the need to support a family, got him to start
- working hard for the first time in his life. "To my surprise,"
- he writes, "I found I liked it," and his career took off.
- </p>
- <p> The new book also addresses, at least in passing, a controversy
- stirred by A Brief History. Many readers interpreted portions
- of that book as an attempt to disprove the existence of God.
- Not so, says Hawking. "You don't need to appeal to God to set
- the initial conditions for the universe, but that doesn't prove
- there is no God -- only that he acts through the laws of physics."
- Other controversies are ignored. Three years ago, Hawking left
- his wife after more than two decades and moved in with Elaine
- Mason, one of his nurses. "I would rather not go into details
- of my private life," is all he will say.
- </p>
- <p> The kids in the lecture hall have other things on their mind
- besides black holes and broken marriages. As Hawking finishes,
- they crowd around him, forming a semicircle of wheelchairs,
- and begin pelting him with questions on topics closer to home:
- "How do you make a legal signature if you can't write?" "How
- do you feel about the Americans with Disabilities Act?" "What
- are Klingons really like?" As they wait for Hawking to tap out
- his answers, they can't stop grinning. Here's a famous scientist,
- a best-selling author, a Star Trek star -- and he's disabled,
- just like them.
- </p>
-
- </body></article>
- </text>
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